Penguin aimed at two specific practices:
Keyword Stuffing
This populates a website with repetitions of keywords or a vast number of keywords in an attempt to exploit rank by the appearance of relevance of particular search phrases.
Link Schemes
Purchase, purchase or creation of backlinks from unrelated or low-quality pages, generating an unnatural image of importance and success in an effort to trick Google into offering high rankings. For eg, a corporation might decide to fill the Internet with spam.comments that are Link to itself to prove that it is the right business to do so. A business can also pay to get links that show that it is better, and links occur in an unrelated third party article about a separate subject.
Removing all artificial ties you have managed. This involves connections that you have created yourself or links that you have made to third-party pages.
Disavowal of spammy connections that you cannot monitor
Revising the content of the website to fix over-optimization, meaning the keywords are naturally applied rather than robotically, nonsensically or repetitively on web pages where there is no connection between the keywords used and the subject matter.
Penguin was developed to fix a crucial flaw in Google's framework that caused their algorithm to be fooled by a large number of low-quality links as well as the keyword over-optimization of web pages. If you want to discourage Google from devaluing your site as a result of spam activities, all the content you post should represent natural language. Your link-earning-and-building must also be deemed "safe."